Wound Healing: Biological Mechanisms And Clinical Implications

Abstract

 Wound healing is a complex, dynamic biological process that restores the integrity of injured tissues. It involves coordinated interactions between cells, extracellular matrix (ECM), and biochemical mediators. Healing follows overlapping but distinct phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. A thorough understanding of these mechanisms is crucial in clinical dentistry, surgery, and regenerative medicine for optimizing outcomes and preventing complications such as chronic wounds or excessive scarring. This review summarizes the biological events of wound healing and highlights clinical considerations.