Emerging Technologies In Transdermal Drug Delivery

Abstract

Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional drug delivery methods, offering numerous advantages such as improved patient compliance, controlled drug release, and the avoidance of first-pass metabolism. Recent advancements in material science, nanotechnology, and biomedical engineering have significantly enhanced the efficacy and versatility of transdermal systems. This review highlights emerging technologies in TDDS, including microneedle arrays, iontophoresis, sonophoresis, and the incorporation of nanocarriers such as liposomes, ethosomes, and nanoparticles. These innovations aim to address challenges like limited drug permeability, variability in skin absorption, and the delivery of macromolecules such as proteins and peptides. Furthermore, the integration of smart technologies, such as wearable transdermal patches equipped with sensors for real-time monitoring and feedback, is reshaping the landscape of personalized medicine. The convergence of these technologies holds great promise for expanding the scope of transdermal delivery to a broader range of therapeutic agents, paving the way for safer, more efficient, and patient-centric drug administration systems.